20^th Global Nephrologists Annual Meeting June 03-04, 2019, Park Inn by Radisson Hotel, London, UK

Biography:

Arzu Ay has completed her undergraduate education in Department of Physics in Trakya University. She completed master and doctorate educations at Trakya University Faculty of Medicine Biophysics Department. At present, she is working as Research Assistant Dr. at Biophysics Department of Faculty of Medicine in Trakya University. She is currently engaged in researches to determine genetic predisposition in diseases such as ischemic stroke, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes mellitus, colorectal cancer, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, migraine, multiple sclerosis and to study microRNA profile analysis with trace element levels

Abstract:

Renalase is one of the enzymes that play an important role in kidney function. This flavoprotein enzyme functions by participating in the metabolism of circulating catecholamines. Renalase plays an important role in the regulation of blood pressure. Increased blood pressure occurs in the case of renalase enzyme deficiency. In renal diseases such as Chronic Renal Failure (CRF) and End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD), renalase enzyme levels decrease and hypertension develops. The human renalase encoding gene (RNLS) consists of 10 exons and is localized on chromosome 10 (q23.33). Many single nucleotide gene polymorphisms (SNPs) have been identified in the highly polymorphic RNLS gene. Renalase SNPs occurs as a result of a reduction in renalase gene expression. This decrease is thought to be associated with an increase in blood pressure. Therefore, genetic variations in the renalase gene may be associated with hypertension. CRF or ESRD occurs as a result of permanent severe damage in kidney function. In these diseases, the function of removing normal kidney toxic molecules from the body is lost. CRF or ESRD is often associated with oxidative stress, antioxidant depletion, imbalances in some trace elements such as copper, zinc and selenium concentrations in the body. Serum concentrations of trace elements are also affected by factors such as renal breakthrough insufficiency, degree of renal failure and metabolic changes associated with renal failure. The purpose of this study is to examine the role of renalase gene variations in CRF or ESRD disease and the trace elements associated with oxidative stress.

Biography:

Nevra Alkanli has completed her undergraduate education in Department of Physics in Trakya University. She completed master and doctorate educations at Trakya University Faculty of Medicine Biophysics Department. At present, she is working as Assistant Professor Dr. at Biophysics Department of Faculty of Medicine in Halic University. She is currently engaged in researchs to determine genetic predisposition in diseases such as ischemic stroke, diabetic nephropathy, diabetes mellitus, colorectal cancer, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, migraine, multiple sclerosis and to study microRNA profile analysis with trace element levels.

Abstract:

microRNAs (miRNAs) are short-noncoding RNAs that play an important role in the regulation of pathophysiological processes that suppress gene expression. They perform their functions by binding to messenger RNAs. These biomolecules play an important role in gene regulation and protein expression. miRNAs are important for better understanding of kidney pathologies. miRNAs have been associated with various renal diseases, such as particularly renal cell carcinoma, diabetic nephropathy, nephritic syndrome, kidney fibrosis, lupus nephritis, acute pyelonephritis. One of these diseases, diabetic nephropathy, is a progressive kidney disease and can lead to end-stage renal disease due to diabetes-related complications. Diabetic nephropathy is known to be associated with accumulation of extracellular matrix proteins, glomerular basement membrane thickening, mesangial expansion, and hypertrophy. There are also studies showing that miRNAs are important in the development of diabetic nephropathy. miRNAs associated with diabetic nephropathy have been shown to be effective in controlling the expression of Transforming Growth Factor-Beta. Transforming Growth Factor-Beta mediated miRNA regulation plays an important role in the development of diabetic nephropathy. Transforming Growth Factor-Beta, known to be associated with chronic kidney disease, is also known to be effective in the development of glomerular cell proliferation and glomerular HCM. miRNAs and Transforming Growth Factor-Beta together regulate  mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and energy metabolism in renal damage due to oxidative stress. The purpose of this study is to examinate the relationship between Transformative Growth Factor-Beta-related miRNAs and development of diabetic nephropathy. Determining this relationship in diabetic nephropathy will help to develop new treatment methods and drugs.

Biography:

Reading for a PhD with the University of Malta. Since November 2018, Clarissa Captur is Head Warehouse & Logistics, Ministry of Health, Malta. She spent 17 years working as a Clinical Pharmacist, St. Luke’s Hospital, Malta; Oxford Radcliffe NHS, United Kingdom; and Mater Dei Hospital, Malta. She is a Visiting Assistant Lecturer, University of Malta since 2002 when she graduated with Bachelor of Pharmacy (Hons.). She attained a Master in Clinical Pharmacy Degree, The Robert Gordon University, Scotland, 2007; Postgraduate Certificate in Applied Therapeutics Renal Dysfunction, University of Brighton, United Kingdom, 2008 and Master of Pharmacy with the University of Malta, 2013.

Abstract:

A retrospective study of all Maltese renal transplant patients, both living and deceased donors, to date, was carried out to develop a model to shed light on factors that may effect and determine graft survival. All Maltese renal transplant patients were identified and an iSoft on all such patients was carried out to gather data including demographics, mortality, eGFR and other blood results. Various statistical methods were used to determine any statistical significance between any measured factor vs graft survival. The results of this study are of utmost importance to enable clinicians to be able to avoid or implement factors to improve graft survival since to date renal transplantation in end-stage renal disease still remains the best option of renal replacement therapy to an ever increasing number of renal transplant patients in Malta due to endemic diabetes mellitus and world-wide.

Biography:

Mahasin Wadi completed her PhD from AL Neelain University, Medical Microbiology, and Faculty of Medical Laboratory Sciences in 2010 and completed her MSc from University of Khartoum in Medical Microbiology & Pharmacology, 1987. She worked at Dar ALUloom University, College of Medicine, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia in August 2014; Central Research Laboratory Khartoum, Sudan; Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, and Medical Microbiology at King Saud University, Saudi Arabia, Riyadh in 1988. She worked in bee honey as a natural antimicrobial product and has published several papers in reputed journals and participated in many international and national conferences. She issued a patent research about the antimicrobial activity of Sudanese bee honey. She has attended many workshops and seminars and was awarded certificate of prestigious author for the journal of Bacteriology & Parasitology 2011. She was awarded a medal on participating in workshop at King Saud University Saudi Arabia 2011. She is a member of many international associations: German Apitherapy Society, American Apitherapy Society, International Bee Research Association, European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Disease ESCMID and Sudanese Veterinary Association. She served as reviewer of various journals.

Abstract:

Introduction: 

A urinary tract infection (UTI) is an infection in any part of the urinary system kidneys, ureters, bladder and urethra. Most infections involve the lower urinary tract — the bladder and the urethra. Women are at greater risk of developing a UTI than are men. However, serious consequences can occur if a UTI spreads to kidneys may result in pyelonephritis. Urinary tract infections typically occur when bacteria enter the urinary tract through the urethra and begin to multiply in the bladder.The most common UTIs pathogens is Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, and proteus mirabillis

Methods: 3000 urine isolates were randomly collected from patients at private Hospital, Sudan, during 2016- 2018.The collected isolates were identified at the Microbiology Laboratory by the conventional methods. Antibiotics sensitivity test was carried by Kirby Bauer methods. The following Antibiotics were used for the sensitivity of urine isolates; Ampicillin, Amakacin, Cefazolin, Cefuroxime, Ceftrazone, Cefepime, Ciprofloxacin, Colostin, Gentamicin, and Meropene.

Results: The following organisms were identified from the urine isolates; Escherichia coli, Enterobacter arogenes, Citrobacter koseri,  Klebsiella pneumonia, proteus mirabillis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Sensitivity of the isolated organisms exhibited resistance to the most tested antibiotics.

Conclusion: Urinary tract infection caused by many organisms that exhibited resistance to the tested antibiotics which may lead to ascending infection resulted in recurrent infection and can lead to pyelonephritis. Recurrent UTI need more investigations to avoid pyelonephritis.

Biography:

Abstract:

Chronic kidney diseases (CKD) are a progressive and irreversible deterioration of renal function. Patients with CKD are prone to a variety of infections. Further chronic hemodialysis increases the infections and related morbidity and mortality. The present study was conducted to assess the probability of infection episode in CKD patients in patients  with or without hemodialysis. A Cross sectional observational study was conducted with a total 56 patients with CKD. Clinical and biochemical data related to infections were collected from the individual patient records. The results showed that the chills and rigors, increased TLC, and elevated ESR were found to more in CKD patients on chronic hemodialysis. Further, our results suggested that CKD patient population showed increased-risk for the development of lethal sepsis. Hence, identification of the causes of infection and the appropriate treatment based on the severity of symptoms are essential for CKD patients who are on dialysis.

_{MATERIALS AND METHOD}

A Cross sectional observational study was conducted in the nephrology unit, Department of Medicine, Dr. Bhimrao Ambedkar Hospital Raipur (C.G.) For this study a total 56 patients with CKDwere recruited during February to March, 2018. Institutional ethical committee of the Pt.J.N.M. Medical college Raipur has approved the study protocol. All patients provided the written informed consent before participating in the study. An approved pre-structured tools or format was used to collect the information that include basic parameters suchas age, sex, diabetes millitus, hemoglobin, complete blood count, CRP, Urea, Creatinine, sodium, potassium, urine routine, Thyroid, number of dialysis undergone, site of center line for hemodialysis, urine culture, X-RAY Chest and usg abdomen were collected from the individual patient records. In this study increased ESR and TLC (>11000/L) was considered as an indicator for infection. CKD staging of diseases has been calculated by MDRD formula. Data was collected by using indirect method and was entered and analysed by using Microsoft Excel. The data was presented as number and percentage in each group.

Biography:

Piyush Gondaliya was born in Gujarat (India). He completed his diploma and Bachelor’s in Pharmacy at L.M. College of Pharmacy (Ahmedabad). After that he pursued Master’s in Biotechnology at NIPER-A. Currently, he is on the edge of completion of his Ph.D. research work in Biotechnology at NIPER-A under the mentorship of Prof. Kiran Kalia and co-mentorship of Dr. Akshay Srivastava. He has a good number of publications in reputed journals and his research interests includes exploring role of microRNAs and other epigenetic modifications in  diabetic nephropathy.

Abstract:

DNA methylation plays a major role in the pathophysiology of diabetic nephropathy (DN). According to recent reports, it has been inferred that hyper methylation could be one of the principle reason behind aggravation in DN condition. Through in silico analysis, an interrelationship between miR-29b and DNA methylation was suggested. We have validated that miR-29b prominently targets DNA methyl transferase (DNMT), specifically DNMT1, DNMT3A and DNMT3B. We have developed an in vitro DN model using renal proximal tubule epithelial cells (RPTECs), in which there was a significant alleviation in RNA and protein expression levels of DNMT3A, DNMT3B and DNMT1. The developed model also demonstrated downregulation in expression of miR-29b. Our studies have suggested that miR-29b targets DNMT1 via targeting its transcription factor SP1. In addition to this, downregulation of a specific biomarker for kidney injury, tubular kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1) and fibrosis causing glycoprotein i.e. fibronectin, was also demonstrated. Hence, the developed model revealed that hyper methylation was a key factor incorporated in DN, and miR-29b could effectively ameliorate defensive actions in DN pathogenesis. To further validate this correlation, we developed an in vivo Streptozotocin induced DN model in which we reconfirmed the role of miR-29b in modulation of DNA methylation. Hence, this research suggests role of miR-29b in amelioration of defensive actions in DN and paves the way for microRNA mediated hyper methylation.  

Biography:

Abstract:

Background: Although tripterygium, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used as an immunosuppressive agent, has been prescribed in China for patients with Henoch–Schönlein Purpura Nephritis (HSPN), its efficacy and safety have not yet been fully identified.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis.

Setting and Population: Patients with Henoch–Schönlein Purpura Nephritis (HSPN).

Selection Criteria for Studies: Randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized controlled trials.

Intervention: Routine therapy was given in experimental and control group, which included the usage of anti-histamine drugs, anti-infective agents etc. Experimental group was tripterygium or the combination of tripterygium and glucocorticoid; control group was routine therapy or the combination of routine therapy and glucocorticoid.

Outcomes: Primary outcomes included remission and the regression time of hematuria, proteinuria and edema; secondary outcomes included the regression time of pupura, serum creatinine, 24 hour proteinuria, relapse and drug-related adverse events.

Results: 31 trials enrolling 2030 patients were included. Tripterygium exclusive use could significantly increase complete remission (RR 1.71, 95% CI 1.16 to 2.52) and shorten the regression time of purpura (MD -3.20, 95% CI -4.69 to -1.71). Compared with glucocorticoid, the combination of Tripterygium and glucocorticoid could significantly increase complete remission (RR 1.39, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.56) and over-all remission (RR 1.24, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.31) with lower risk of relapse (RR 0.29, 95% CI 0.16 to 0.55); the regression time of hematuria (MD -11.71, 95% CI -13.76 to -9.66), proteinuria (MD -8.11, 95% CI -9.74 to -6.49) and edema (MD -3.48, 95% CI -4.58 to -2.39) were shortened as well, with an increase in adverse events at the same time.

Limitations: Suboptimal study quality.

Conclusions: The present meta-analysis suggested that tripterygium use could relieve clinical symptoms of HSPN to some extent. At the same time, the results suggested that tripterygium was relatively safe in incidence of dysfunction of liver, gastrointestinal discomfort and leucopenia.

Biography:

Saad Djaballah djihad has graduated in 2009 in Medecine from the University of Algiers. She is currently working as a consultant nephrologist at the Departement of nephrology in University Hospital in Algeria end a senior assistant at the university of Medicine. From 2015 – 2019: She has attened several Algerian, Maghreb, French and African congresses.

Abstract:

Introduction:

Eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis is a rare systemic vasculitis, Characterized by an eosinophilic tissue infiltrate. Rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis is a severe complication of Churg- Strauss syndrome (CSS). The objective of our observation is to show the efficiency of early treatment of renal involvement in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Churg- Strauss syndrome).

Patients and methods:

We report the case of a 59-year-old man with eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (CSS), who was admitted to our department of nephrology for the management of rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. He was clinically diagnosed to have CSS based on remarkable eosinophila, history of asthma, peripheral neuropathy, pulmonary infiltrates and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis. The anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (pANCA) were positive. The renal biopsy found extra-capillary glomerulonephritis. As induction therapy intravenous cyclophosphamide was used in addition to corticosteroids and plasma exchanges followed by maintenance therapy using azathioprine and steroids.

Results:

The treatment of renal involvement in Churg and Strauss syndrome is currently based on the realization of plasma exchanges associated with corticosteroid therapy and immunosuppression. In this case the evolution was favorable with a renal and neurogical remission and reduction of ANCA rate. 6 months later still no relapse and the tolerance of the treatment is good, no infectious or neoplastic complications are observed up until today.

Conclusion:

The early diagnosis and treatment may lead to favorable outcomes in eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis complicated by rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis.