27^th Global Nephrology, Urology and Kidney Failure Congress

Smart nephro-diagnostics represent a new era of early detection and continuous kidney health surveillance. AI-driven decision systems, digital biomarkers, and real-time monitoring tools help clinicians identify renal deterioration long before traditional tests reveal abnormalities. Wearable biosensors measure fluid balance, creatinine fluctuations, electrolyte shifts, and blood pressure trends, integrating seamlessly with cloud-based platforms for remote physician oversight. Machine learning models assess thousands of variables simultaneously, offering precise predictions for acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease progression, and dialysis initiation timelines. Advanced point-of-care diagnostics provide rapid assessment of proteinuria, glomerular filtration rate, urinary biomarkers, and metabolic signatures linked to inflammation and fibrosis. Smart imaging techniques—including radiomics and contrast-free MRI improve structural and functional kidney evaluation without invasive procedures. Together, these innovations enable earlier treatment adjustments, reduce hospitalization risk, and support personalized kidney health management for both home-based and clinical settings.

Regenerative kidney therapies focus on reversing renal damage through stem cell engineering, organoid development, tissue scaffolds, and molecular reprogramming. Advanced technologies harness mesenchymal stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, and endothelial progenitors to restore nephron structures, reduce inflammation, and promote vascular regeneration. Bioengineered kidney organoids allow researchers to model disease progression, test drug responses, and design personalized therapies. Gene-editing platforms, including CRISPR, support correction of disease-causing mutations, opening pathways for curative treatments. Novel extracellular vesicle-based therapeutics provide cell-free regenerative signals that enhance tubular repair and reduce fibrosis. Combined with biomaterial scaffolds and 3D bioprinting, these approaches accelerate nephron reconstruction in both acute and chronic disease settings. As regenerative nephrology advances, it strengthens the possibility of delaying dialysis, reducing transplant dependence, and enabling long-term renal restoration.

Dialysis technologies are undergoing rapid evolution with the development of portable, wearable, and implantable systems that provide greater flexibility, safety, and physiological compatibility. Miniaturized hemodialysis machines, sorbent-based purification units, and automated peritoneal dialysis systems enhance patient mobility while maintaining high treatment efficiency. Wearable artificial kidney prototypes work continuously to mimic natural renal function, reducing fluid overload, metabolic imbalance, and cardiovascular strain. Implantable bio-artificial kidneys combine silicon nanotechnology and living renal cells to deliver filtration and reabsorption capacity without external power sources or immunosuppressive therapy. Intelligent dialysis systems use AI algorithms to optimize ultrafiltration rates, blood flow, and solute clearance based on real-time patient data. These innovations enhance quality of life, reduce hospitalization, and bring dialysis closer to physiological renal replacement.

Advanced research into acute kidney injury (AKI) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) uncovers molecular pathways linked to inflammation, ischemia, oxidative stress, and fibrosis. Early-stage detection relies on sensitive biomarkers such as NGAL, KIM-1, cystatin C, and metabolomic signatures that reveal damage before creatinine rises. AI-enabled prediction models identify high-risk patients in ICUs, postoperative settings, and chronic disease populations, enabling timely interventions that prevent irreversible damage. Understanding mitochondrial dysfunction, immune dysregulation, and endothelial injury provides new therapeutic targets for nephroprotection. Emerging treatments focus on anti-fibrotic agents, cell-based repair mechanisms, and metabolic modulators that slow CKD progression. Together, these insights empower clinicians to preserve renal function and reduce long-term disease burden.

Urologic oncology is accelerating through precision biomarkers, molecular diagnostics, and targeted therapies for prostate, bladder, renal, and testicular cancers. Genetic profiling helps clinicians identify tumor behavior, treatment responses, and resistance patterns. Immunotherapeutic agents, checkpoint inhibitors, antibody-drug conjugates, and precision radiotherapy improve survival outcomes with reduced toxicity. Liquid biopsies, circulating tumor DNA, and urinary biomarkers allow real-time disease monitoring and early relapse detection. Robotic-assisted surgery enables highly precise tumor removal while preserving organ function. Together, these advancements refine cancer care and support more personalized treatment pathways.

Minimally invasive surgery is redefining urologic care through robotic systems, advanced imaging, and miniature surgical tools. Innovations such as augmented-reality navigation and fluorescence-guided visualization enhance accuracy during tumor resections, reconstructive procedures, and stone removal. Single-port robotic surgery reduces trauma, accelerates recovery, and improves cosmetic outcomes. Energy-based modalities laser lithotripsy, plasma kinetics, and ultrasonic fragmentation—enable efficient stone management with minimal complications. As technology advances, minimally invasive urology continues to enhance patient comfort and procedural precision.

Glomerular diseases such as lupus nephritis, IgA nephropathy, membranous nephropathy, and ANCA-associated vasculitis involve complex immune dysregulation. Advances in immunopathology help decode complement activation pathways, autoantibody profiles, and inflammatory mediators driving glomerular damage. Targeted biologics, complement inhibitors, and B-cell modulation therapies reduce disease activity with fewer systemic side effects. Molecular diagnostics and renal biopsy biomarkers improve disease classification, allowing early treatment decisions that prevent irreversible scarring. Personalized immunotherapy is emerging as a major breakthrough in improving long-term renal outcomes.

Kidney transplantation is advancing with improved immunosuppressive strategies, donor-matching algorithms, and organ-preservation techniques. Hypothermic and normothermic machine perfusion enhances graft viability and reduces delayed graft function. Xenotransplantation research using gene-edited pig organs offers potential solutions to donor shortages. Tolerance-inducing therapies, such as cellular immunomodulation and regulatory T-cell expansion, reduce rejection and long-term complications. Enhanced diagnostics support early detection of rejection biomarkers, ensuring timely intervention and better graft survival.

Pediatric nephrology focuses on congenital anomalies, rare renal syndromes, and genetic mutations affecting kidney development and function. Early genetic screening helps identify inherited disorders such as nephronophthisis, cystinosis, and congenital nephrotic syndrome. Precision therapies including enzyme replacement, gene therapy, and targeted biologics improve outcomes in children with rare diseases. Advanced dialysis solutions and pediatric-specific transplantation protocols provide life-saving options while minimizing developmental impacts.

The urinary microbiome is emerging as a key regulator of urinary health, immunity, and infection susceptibility. Advanced sequencing techniques reveal microbial communities beyond traditional culture methods, reshaping understanding of recurrent UTIs, interstitial cystitis, and bladder inflammation. Novel antimicrobial peptides, vaccines, and microbiome-modulation therapies offer alternatives to conventional antibiotics. Understanding microbial-host interactions enables more accurate diagnosis and targeted treatment strategies.

Metabolic kidney disorders include nephrolithiasis, tubular abnormalities, and systemic metabolic dysfunctions. Advances in metabolic profiling help identify abnormalities in uric acid metabolism, calcium-phosphate balance, and oxalate pathways. Personalized nutritional guidance, targeted inhibitors, and metabolic therapies reduce stone recurrence and progression. Smart electrolyte monitoring technologies support early detection of life-threatening imbalances such as hyperkalemia and acidosis.

Hypertension and kidney disease share interconnected pathways involving endothelial dysfunction, RAAS imbalance, and vascular remodeling. Precision antihypertensive therapies guided by genomics and biomarkers improve control and reduce kidney damage. Renal denervation, mineralocorticoid receptor modulators, and novel vasodilatory agents offer new opportunities for patients with resistant hypertension. Integrated cardiovascular-renal management enhances patient survival and reduces complications.

Benign urologic disorders such as BPH, overactive bladder, pelvic floor dysfunction, and urinary incontinence impact millions worldwide. Minimally invasive therapies including laser vaporization, prostate artery embolization, and neuromodulation provide effective alternatives to surgery. Biomarker-driven diagnostics and precision therapeutics support customized treatment based on symptom severity and anatomical factors. Pelvic health innovations further enhance outcomes for both men and women.

Digital therapeutics are reshaping renal and urologic care by enabling continuous monitoring, remote consultations, and AI-driven treatment guidance. Tele-nephrology platforms assist in managing CKD progression, medication adjustments, fluid balance, and dialysis planning. Virtual clinics increase access for rural and vulnerable populations while reducing hospitalization rates. Predictive analytics interpret patient data in real time, supporting personalized care strategies that enhance long-term kidney health.